The Impact of Emerging AI Technologies on Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Security: DHS Report
The Department of Homeland Security has released a report warning that emerging technologies in artificial intelligence could make it easier for bad actors to “conceptualize and conduct” chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear attacks. The report, which was made public after President Joe Biden signed an executive order on AI three months ago, highlights the potential risks associated with the lack of regulations in existing U.S. biological and chemical security.
According to the report, the increased use of AI tools could lead to both intentional and unintentional dangerous research outcomes that pose a risk to public health, economic security, and national security. Assistant Secretary for Countering Weapons of Mass Destruction Mary Ellen Callahan emphasized the importance of responsible AI use in advancing science and solving urgent challenges while also being prepared to mitigate the misuse of AI in the development of chemical and biological threats.
The report also underscores the need for communication and collaboration among AI developers and international partners to harness AI’s potential for good. While the use of AI tools by nation states or groups interested in unconventional weapons capabilities remains unclear, experts warn that AI could be used to acquire instructions on developing explosives and other weapons of mass destruction.
In response to these threats, the DHS has established a new AI board with representatives from various sectors to help stay ahead of evolving threats posed by hostile nation-state actors. While this is a positive step, former Acting Undersecretary for Intelligence and Analysis at DHS John Cohen believes more needs to be done to address the evolving use of technology by threat actors.
Overall, the report highlights the importance of ensuring the safe, secure, and trustworthy development and use of AI to prevent the misuse of technology in conducting harmful attacks. The implications of AI in national security and the potential for misuse underscore the need for continued vigilance and collaboration in addressing emerging threats.